2024 Atlantic hurricane season sees fewer storms than predicted due to Saharan rainfall, Madden-Julian Oscillation, and warmer upper atmospheric conditions.

In 2024, despite predictions of 15 to 25 Atlantic hurricanes, only seven storms had formed by mid-September. Factors for this discrepancy include heavy rainfall in the Sahara, which created dry air over the tropical Atlantic and disrupted storm development. Additionally, the Madden-Julian Oscillation and warmer upper atmospheric conditions hindered cyclone formation. Experts suggest a 50% chance of increased hurricane activity as the season progresses.