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flag A 35-light-year-away exoplanet with a molten surface and sulfur-rich atmosphere may represent a new planetary class.

flag A newly discovered exoplanet, L 98-59 d, located 35 light-years away, may belong to a previously unknown class of planets characterized by a deep, long-lived magma ocean and a thick, sulfur-rich atmosphere. flag About 1.6 times Earth’s size, it has an unusually low density and contains hydrogen sulfide and other volatile gases, sustained by a molten silicate interior that traps sulfur over billions of years. flag Observations from the James Webb Space Telescope and ground-based instruments, combined with computer models, suggest the planet’s extreme heat—driven by stellar radiation, tidal forces, and a strong greenhouse effect—keeps its surface molten. flag This challenges traditional planetary classifications and indicates such molten worlds may be more common than thought, offering new insights into planetary formation and evolution.

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