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flag In 2026, several European countries, including Sweden, tightened citizenship rules with longer residency, language tests, and higher fees.

flag In 2026, several European countries have tightened citizenship rules, with Sweden set to raise the residency requirement from five to eight years, introduce mandatory B1-level Swedish language and civics tests retroactively, and increase the application fee to €250. flag Germany maintains a five-year residency requirement, B1 language proficiency, and a citizenship test, though it allows dual nationality. flag Other nations vary widely, with many emphasizing language, integration, and financial self-sufficiency, making naturalization increasingly difficult, especially without family ties. flag Processing times remain long, averaging nearly four years in Sweden.

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