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flag Mexican gray wolf numbers hit 319 in 2025, nearing recovery goals but facing genetic and release challenges.

flag The Mexican gray wolf population in Arizona and New Mexico reached 319 in 2025, a 33-wolf increase from 2024 and the tenth consecutive year of growth, bringing the species closer to the 320-wolf average needed for potential downlisting under the Endangered Species Act. flag The U.S. flag Fish and Wildlife Service issued a limited permit allowing ranchers in Catron County to kill one wolf responsible for livestock attacks, sparking debate over balancing recovery with agricultural interests. flag While population numbers are rising, experts emphasize that genetic diversity remains a major concern due to the species’ limited ancestry, and current release practices have high failure rates. flag Long-term recovery depends on sustained numbers, genetic health, and successful captive wolf releases.

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