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flag Webb Telescope reveals Uranus’s cooling upper atmosphere and auroras shaped by its unusual magnetic field.

flag The James Webb Space Telescope captured the first three-dimensional view of Uranus’s upper atmosphere, revealing two bright auroral bands separated by a dark gap, shaped by the planet’s highly tilted and offset magnetic field. flag Observations from January 2025 showed the atmosphere is cooling, with temperatures about 150°C lower than previous estimates, despite Uranus emitting more internal heat than it receives from the Sun. flag The data, from Webb’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph, measured ion density and temperature up to 5,000 kilometers above cloud tops, confirming a decades-long cooling trend and offering new insights into energy dynamics in ice giants.

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