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Scientists revised El Niño/La Niña classification to reflect warming oceans, linking climate change to stronger, more frequent extreme weather.
Scientists have updated how El Niño and La Niña are classified due to rapid global warming, shifting from fixed baselines to a relative index that accounts for rising ocean temperatures.
The change reflects a warming world where traditional 30-year averages no longer represent normal conditions.
A prolonged La Niña from 2020 to 2023 trapped excess heat in the ocean, which was released during a strong El Niño, contributing to record global temperatures from 2023 to 2025.
About 75% of the increased energy imbalance stems from climate change and the shift between these phases, with 23% linked to the extended La Niña.
The new system may result in fewer El Niño designations and more La Niña events, better capturing how climate change amplifies natural cycles and drives extreme weather like hurricanes and droughts.
Los científicos revisaron la clasificación de El Niño / La Niña para reflejar el calentamiento de los océanos, vinculando el cambio climático con un clima extremo más fuerte y frecuente.