India and Brazil signed a minerals deal to boost trade, diversify supply chains, and reduce reliance on China.

India and Brazil have signed a critical minerals agreement to strengthen bilateral trade and diversify supply chains, targeting over $20 billion in trade within five years. The pact, announced during Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva’s visit to New Delhi, focuses on cooperation in mining, rare earths, steel, and advanced technologies like AI and semiconductors. Both nations aim to enhance access to strategic raw materials, reduce dependence on China, and boost domestic processing. The deal includes collaboration on digital infrastructure, defense, renewable energy, and sustainable mining practices, reflecting broader efforts by Global South countries to reshape global supply networks and strengthen economic resilience.