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flag A 2,000-year-old Roman bottle from Turkey contained a medicine of human feces and herbs, matching Galen’s recipe, offering the first physical proof of such ancient treatment.

flag Researchers have found chemical evidence in a 2,000-year-old Roman glass bottle from Turkey that it once held a medicinal mixture containing human feces and aromatic herbs, matching a recipe described by physician Galen. flag The discovery, led by archaeologist Atila Cenker, medical historian Rana Çelebi, and chemist Ilker Demirbolat, offers the first physical proof of such a treatment, likely used to mask unpleasant odors while treating infections or inflammation. flag Though the exact purpose remains uncertain, the findings support historical accounts and reflect ancient medical practices that, in modified forms, continue today through fecal microbiota transplants.

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