Five nations say Russia killed Navalny with a rare frog toxin, which the Kremlin denies.

A joint probe by five European nations found that Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny was killed with epibatidine, a rare toxin derived from poison dart frogs native to Ecuador. Investigators said only the Russian state had the capability and motive, while the Kremlin dismissed the findings as baseless. Navalny died in an Arctic prison on February 16, 2024, in what experts say reflects a pattern of state-linked assassinations.