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flag A 2014–2017 marine heatwave caused record coral bleaching and death worldwide, worsened by climate change, with a new global bleaching event beginning in 2023.

flag A global study reveals that a three-year marine heatwave from 2014 to 2017 caused severe coral bleaching across 51% of the world’s reefs, with 15% suffering significant mortality—the most extensive and severe event on record. flag Scientists attribute the damage to rising ocean temperatures linked to climate change, which forced corals to expel vital algae, leading to starvation and death. flag The event, labeled the "Third Global Bleaching Event," lasted longer than previous episodes, leaving reefs little time to recover. flag A new "Fourth Global Bleaching Event" began in 2023 and shows similarly extreme heat stress, with some regions like Panama’s Pacific coast experiencing unprecedented coral loss. flag Global temperatures have now exceeded 1.5°C above preindustrial levels—identified as a critical threshold—raising concerns that most tropical coral reefs may face irreversible damage without rapid reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.

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