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flag China’s fishing fleets in the Indian Ocean, disguised as civilian operations, are expanding maritime influence through overfishing, forced labor, and intelligence gathering, threatening regional stability and global norms.

flag A February 2026 report by Myanmar’s Mizzima News reveals China’s distant-water fishing fleets in the Indian Ocean are being used as a strategic tool to expand maritime influence through coordinated state and military operations. flag Presenting as civilian fishing, these vessels engage in overfishing, shark finning, and environmental harm while also enabling intelligence gathering and coercive presence. flag Linked to forced labor and debt bondage, the fleets operate under a grey-zone strategy that undermines international norms like UNCLOS, exporting a model refined in the South China Sea. flag The report warns this poses significant security, environmental, and governance challenges to regional stability, prompting concerns over the erosion of global maritime order.

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