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flag A year-long study found Germany’s Rhine River carries 3,000–4,700 tonnes of litter yearly to the North Sea, mostly plastic from consumer waste.

flag A year-long study in Cologne, Germany, found the Rhine River transports 3,010 to 4,707 tonnes of litter annually to the North Sea, including 446 to 697 tonnes of plastic, far exceeding earlier estimates based on short-term data. flag The research, conducted from November 2022 to November 2023, captured 17,523 pieces of debris totaling about 1,955 kg, with plastic making up 70% of items but only 15% of the mass. flag Most litter came from consumer waste like packaging, food and drink containers, and cigarette butts. flag Scientists stress the need for long-term monitoring to accurately assess river pollution, and highlight citizen science as a valuable tool for gathering data, especially after the decline of major international survey programs.

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