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flag The Passamaquoddy language, near extinction with fewer than 7% of tribe members fluent, is being revived by elders and young speakers despite 10 fluent elders dying in 2025.

flag The Passamaquoddy language, spoken by fewer than 7% of the tribe’s 3,400 members, is nearing extinction as over 10 fluent elders died in 2025 alone. flag Once widespread in northern Maine and New Brunswick, it has declined due to colonization and forced assimilation. flag Younger speakers like Brianna “Sipsis” Smith and Dwayne Tomah, the youngest fluent speaker at 60, are leading revitalization efforts through daily use, teaching, and cultural preservation at tribal institutions, aiming to reclaim a language taken by systemic erasure.

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