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flag Poland to resume anti-personnel mine production amid treaty exit and regional security concerns.

flag Poland plans to resume producing anti-personnel mines for the first time since the Cold War as part of its East Shield defense program, aiming to secure its eastern border with Belarus and Russia. flag The move follows Poland’s August 2025 withdrawal from the Ottawa Convention, set to conclude February 20, 2026. flag State-owned Belma will produce up to 1.2 million mines annually, with total output potentially reaching 5–6 million, prioritizing domestic needs but allowing surplus for allies like Ukraine, which also plans to withdraw from the treaty. flag Neighboring nations including Lithuania, Finland, Latvia, and Estonia are considering or preparing mine production amid heightened regional tensions. flag The U.S. and China have never signed the treaty.

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