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flag Arctic rivers turn orange from thawing permafrost, driven by record-warm, wet 2025 conditions.

flag Hundreds of Arctic rivers in northern Alaska are turning bright orange due to thawing permafrost releasing iron and other metals, a phenomenon scientists call "rusting rivers," first observed around 2018. flag The 2025 Arctic Report Card, released by NOAA, confirms 2025 was the warmest and wettest year on record in the Arctic, which is warming more than twice the global average. flag This rapid warming has accelerated ice loss, with Greenland shedding 129 billion tons of ice and Alaskan glaciers thinning significantly since the 1950s. flag While no drinking water contamination has been confirmed, scientists warn heavy metals could harm aquatic ecosystems. flag Despite political pressures on federal climate science, the report was produced independently by a global network of scientists, underscoring the need for sustained monitoring.

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