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flag Papua New Guinea is split over Bougainville's 2019 independence referendum, with no action taken despite strong support.

flag Papua New Guinea remains divided over Bougainville’s 2019 referendum result, which showed overwhelming support for independence, though the outcome is non-binding and requires parliamentary approval. flag Fears persist that granting independence could trigger separatist movements in other regions, threatening national unity in a country built from hundreds of diverse cultures. flag The government, led by Prime Minister James Marape, avoids firm commitments, citing stability concerns, while Bougainville leaders warn that weakening the Joint Supervisory Body could collapse the peace process. flag Prolonged delay risks eroding trust and legitimacy, making inaction potentially more destabilizing than change.

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