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flag China leads in 66 of 74 key technologies, surpassing the U.S., with top innovation hubs in Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong.

flag A new report from the Australian Strategic Policy Institute finds China leads in 66 of 74 critical technologies, based on research output from 2020 to 2024, surpassing the U.S. in areas like nuclear energy, synthetic biology, and small satellites. flag The U.S. maintains leadership in eight technologies, including quantum computing. flag China also entered the global top three in innovation rankings in 2025, with Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong among the top 10 innovation hubs. flag The findings reflect China’s growing influence in scientific research and innovation, driven by sustained investment and improved research quality, though experts note publication volume doesn’t equal manufacturing or commercial success. flag The U.S. and China extended their science and technology cooperation agreement, highlighting ongoing collaboration amid strategic rivalry.

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