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flag A Johns Hopkins study shows cell-free DNA testing can detect immunotherapy side effects weeks or months before symptoms, revealing early organ damage.

flag A Johns Hopkins study found that cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing may detect immune-related adverse events (irAEs) from cancer immunotherapy weeks to months before symptoms appear, identifying multiorgan tissue damage in six patients with irAEs—three of whom showed signs up to 236 days earlier—using tissue-specific DNA methylation patterns. flag Levels of tissue-specific cfDNA were up to six times higher in irAE patients than in controls, suggesting widespread organ injury not captured by standard methods. flag While limited by small sample size, researchers believe cfDNA testing could enable earlier intervention and improve treatment safety, pending validation in larger trials.

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