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flag Extreme heat harms young children's learning, especially in poor urban areas.

flag Exposure to extreme heat, especially temperatures above 30°C (86°F), is linked to lower literacy and numeracy skills in children aged 3 to 4, a UNICEF-backed study across six countries found. flag Monthly average highs of 32°C (90°F) reduced developmental progress by 2.8% to 12.2%, even after accounting for poverty and education. flag Heat exposure in the first trimester, particularly at 33°C (91°F), also lowered developmental readiness by 5.6%. flag The effects were more severe in poorer, urban households lacking cooling or clean water. flag Experts warn early setbacks may widen over time, threatening lifelong learning. flag While climate change is a key threat multiplier, researchers note other stressors like conflict may influence results. flag Further study is needed to understand the mechanisms and guide effective policies.

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