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flag African penguin populations in South Africa plummeted 95% from 2004 to 2011 due to starvation from sardine shortages caused by overfishing and climate change, pushing the species toward extinction.

flag A new study links a near 95% decline in African penguin colonies off South Africa between 2004 and 2011 to mass starvation caused by severe food shortages. flag Researchers attribute the collapse to sardine populations dropping below 25% of peak levels, driven by overfishing and climate-driven shifts in ocean conditions. flag With fewer than 10,000 breeding pairs left globally, the species is classified as critically endangered, facing potential extinction in the wild by 2035. flag Conservation efforts include fishing bans near key colonies, artificial nests, and new breeding sites, though ongoing threats from fishing and environmental change hinder recovery.

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