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flag CO2 seeps in Papua New Guinea show acidification gradually destroys coral reefs, reducing diversity and recovery.

flag In Papua New Guinea, natural CO2 seeps create a real-world lab where scientists study ocean acidification’s effects on coral reefs. flag Research by Dr. Katharina Fabricius, published in Communications Biology, shows rising CO2 gradually shifts reef ecosystems from diverse coral communities to algae-dominated, simplified systems with less biodiversity and structural complexity. flag While no sudden collapse occurs, coral cover and baby coral numbers decline, threatening reef recovery. flag The ocean has become 30% more acidic since the industrial era, and projections show further pH drops to 7.8 by 2100. flag Unlike warming, acidification is global and irreversible without cutting emissions, compounding threats to marine life and coastal communities. flag The study underscores that ocean acidification, driven by human CO2 emissions, will only stop when emissions cease.

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