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flag Exercise reduces death and cancer risk less in polluted air, with benefits dropping sharply when PM2.5 exceeds 25 μg/m³.

flag A major international study finds that long-term exposure to fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) weakens the health benefits of exercise, with protective effects against death and cancer diminishing in areas with high pollution. flag Analyzing data from over 1.5 million adults across five countries, researchers found that while exercise lowers death risk by 30% in clean air, this drops to 12–15% when PM2.5 levels exceed 25 μg/m³—levels surpassed by nearly half the world’s population. flag Above 35 μg/m³, the benefit for cancer prevention nearly vanishes. flag Though exercise remains helpful even in polluted areas, experts urge improving air quality and suggest checking pollution levels, choosing cleaner routes, or reducing intensity on high-pollution days.

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