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flag China's military modernization has narrowed its defense spending gap with the U.S., prompting the U.S. to name China its top strategic threat.

flag China’s military has rapidly modernized under President Xi Jinping, with defense spending reaching nearly $247 billion in 2025, though independent estimates suggest it may be as high as $471 billion. flag The PLA Navy now operates over 350 ships, surpassing the U.S. Navy in hull count and projected to grow to 435 by 2030. flag The PLA Air Force fields 230 fifth-generation fighters, including the J-20 and J-35, and is developing sixth-generation aircraft. flag These advancements have narrowed the defense spending gap with the U.S., now at about one-third, and prompted the U.S. to designate China as its primary strategic threat.

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