India, led by PM Modi, declared itself a global innovation leader, citing major advances in tech, space, and R&D.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, speaking at the ESTIC 2025 conclave, said India has evolved from a technology consumer to a global innovation leader, citing advances in digital infrastructure, indigenous vaccine development, and the world’s largest vaccination drive. He noted doubled R&D spending, a 17-fold rise in patents, and over 6,000 deep-tech startups driving clean energy and advanced materials. Modi lauded ISRO’s successful launch of the GSAT-7R satellite and announced a ₹1 lakh crore Research, Development, and Innovation Fund, along with the Anusandhaan National Research Foundation, to promote high-impact research. He urged global collaboration in science, while Minister Jitendra Singh emphasized greater private-sector participation in R&D, including nuclear energy and biotechnology.