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flag China's Fujian carrier, though advanced, lags U.S. carriers in launch capability due to older steam catapults.

flag China’s new Fujian aircraft carrier, while a major step forward for Beijing’s naval program, is seen by former U.S. military officials as less capable than older U.S. carriers due to its reliance on a conventional takeoff and landing system with steam catapults, rather than the advanced electromagnetic launch system (EMALS) used by U.S. carriers. flag This limits the Fujian’s ability to launch heavier or more advanced aircraft efficiently and with less stress on airframes. flag Despite the Fujian’s larger deck and integrated flight deck design, the U.S. Navy retains an edge in launch system performance, contributing to greater operational flexibility and mission readiness. flag The assessment highlights a key technological gap in carrier aviation, even as China continues to advance its naval capabilities.

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