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flag India expands critical mineral efforts with two new centers and a recycling incentive.

flag India has added two new Centres of Excellence—Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore and C-MET in Hyderabad—to its National Critical Mineral Mission, raising the total to nine. flag These hubs, operating under a consortium model, aim to advance critical mineral technologies for clean energy, defense, electronics, and mobility, targeting pilot and pre-commercial deployment. flag Each CoE requires at least two industry and two academic partners, collectively involving around 90 institutions. flag The move supports domestic supply chain security. flag In October 2025, the government also launched a Rs 1,500 crore recycling incentive scheme, offering up to Rs 50 crore to large recyclers and Rs 25 crore to small ones, to boost e-waste and spent battery recycling.

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