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flag North Carolina advances lithium refining and battery reuse to cut China reliance and boost U.S. EV supply chains.

flag North Carolina is emerging as a key player in the U.S. push to bring lithium refining onshore, reducing dependence on China, which dominates global refined lithium production. flag The state is testing battery reuse programs using retired Ford F-150 Lightning truck batteries to support the grid, with participants receiving lower lease payments. flag Local refineries are also advancing efforts to process black mass—recycled battery fragments—into usable lithium, with successful small-scale trials, though scaling remains a hurdle. flag These developments support national goals to strengthen domestic clean energy supply chains and boost electric vehicle production.

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