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flag Malawi banned raw mineral exports to boost local industry, but lacks infrastructure to enforce the rule, risking smuggling and lost revenue.

flag Malawi has banned raw mineral exports, with President Peter Mutharika announcing the policy on October 22, 2025, to boost local industry and generate up to $500 million annually. flag The move aims to require domestic processing of resources like rutile and rare earths, but experts warn the country lacks essential infrastructure—such as refineries and assay labs—and enforcement capacity, risking increased smuggling, corruption, and loss of revenue. flag Without prior investment in processing facilities and formalization of artisanal miners, the ban may undermine state oversight and public trust, highlighting the need for a phased approach to avoid unintended economic harm.

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