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flag Australia seeks to boost rare earth supply amid U.S. pressure, facing local opposition to mining projects.

flag On October 20, 2025, Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese met U.S. President Donald Trump to discuss expanding Australia’s role in supplying rare earth minerals, critical for tech and defense, as China’s export restrictions and dominance in processing raise global supply chain concerns. flag Australia is investing A$1.2 billion in a strategic mineral reserve and over A$2.6 billion in loans to boost domestic refining, aiming to become a top producer. flag However, proposed mines in Victoria face opposition from farmers and environmental groups over threats to farmland and water, especially projects linked to Chinese firms. flag While Lynas and Arafura lead more politically viable projects, critics urge stronger government oversight and community input amid the geopolitical push to reduce reliance on China.

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