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flag Poland’s border closure with Belarus disrupted China-Europe rail freight, delaying trade and raising costs.

flag Poland’s temporary closure of its 375-kilometer border with Belarus from September 9–24, 2025, due to migration security concerns, disrupted China-Europe rail freight, affecting trade despite not targeting China directly. flag The shutdown halted rail and road crossings, causing delays and increased costs for businesses reliant on the route, which handles 3.7% of EU-China trade. flag Alternative routes are longer and more expensive. flag While diplomatic efforts restored partial access, the incident highlighted tensions between security policies and economic interdependence, with broader geopolitical implications.

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