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flag Iraq’s 2025 law lets men unilaterally apply Shia divorce rules, undermining women’s rights and custody.

flag Iraq’s 2025 amendment to its personal status law, allowing men to unilaterally apply the Shia Ja’afari code to marriages without consent, has drawn sharp criticism from Human Rights Watch and other rights groups. flag The change enables husbands to initiate divorce without notifying wives, gain automatic custody of children at age seven, and retroactively strip women of guardianship rights. flag Despite public backlash and removal of extreme provisions like allowing child marriage at age nine, the law still entrenches gender discrimination, weakens legal protections in divorce and inheritance, and risks enabling abuse. flag Activists cite cases like Ghazal H., who lost custody of her son years after divorce due to her ex-husband’s unilateral application of the code. flag Rights groups demand the law be repealed, warning of long-term harm to women’s rights and social stability.

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