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GLP-1 drugs may falsely mimic cancer on PET scans, causing misdiagnosis, researchers warn.
GLP-1 receptor agonists, used for type 2 diabetes and weight loss, may cause abnormal glucose tracer uptake on FDG PET-CT scans, mimicking cancer or inflammation, according to research presented at the 2025 European Association of Nuclear Medicine conference.
These drugs alter glucose metabolism and tissue activity, leading to increased tracer uptake in muscles, heart, and brown fat—patterns that can result in misdiagnosis, unnecessary tests, or delayed treatment.
A UK-based review found these imaging changes are increasingly common, yet no national guidelines in the UK or US address the issue.
Researchers urge documenting medication use to avoid errors, advise against stopping the drugs before scans, and recommend fasting, morning imaging, and stable glucose control based on Australian guidance.
They plan to expand data collection to inform future standardized protocols.
Los fármacos GLP-1 pueden imitar falsamente el cáncer en las tomografías PET, causando un diagnóstico erróneo, advierten los investigadores.