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A massive April 2025 blackout in Spain and Portugal, caused by cascading overvoltages, affected millions and is Europe’s largest outage in over 20 years.
A major blackout on April 28, 2025, affected millions across Spain and Portugal, marking Europe’s largest power outage in over two decades and the first known event caused by excessive voltage.
The European grid operator ENTSO-E identified cascading overvoltages as the immediate cause, with no evidence of cyberattacks or failure due to renewable energy integration.
The outage disrupted transportation, communications, and banking services, leading to stranded travelers and widespread service outages.
While voltage control systems functioned in Portugal, they failed in Spain, and data gaps remain due to incomplete information from some power providers.
A final root-cause report is expected in early 2026.
Un apagón masivo de abril de 2025 en España y Portugal, causado por sobretensiones en cascada, afectó a millones de personas y es el mayor apagón de Europa en más de 20 años.