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Foreign direct investment is shifting to future industries, led by tech giants and Gulf funds, with U.S. and China dominating AI, while geopolitical changes reshape global flows.
A 2025 McKinsey analysis shows that 75% of new foreign direct investment pledges since 2022 target future-focused industries like semiconductors, AI data centers, and renewable energy, up from half before 2020.
Mega deals, though just 1% of projects, account for half the investment value, driven by high costs in tech development.
Geopolitical shifts have reduced investment from advanced economies into China, while intra-developed economy flows have risen.
Meanwhile, Kazakhstan is advancing its AI ambitions through a growing tech hub in Astana, backed by a UAE-built supercomputer and new government initiatives, though challenges like funding and regulation persist.
Globally, the U.S. and China lead in AI production, while many regions focus on adoption, with Gulf sovereign wealth funds making up 40% of global state-owned dealmaking in 2025, increasingly targeting Asia despite continued strong investments in the U.S. and Europe.
La inversión extranjera directa se está desplazando hacia industrias futuras, lideradas por gigantes tecnológicos y fondos del Golfo, con EE. UU. y China dominando la IA, mientras que los cambios geopolíticos remodelan los flujos globales.