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flag Europe urges citizens to keep cash and supplies for emergencies amid rising threats to digital systems.

flag A European Central Bank study urges Europeans to keep emergency cash reserves, highlighting cash as a vital backup during crises like the pandemic and war, when digital systems fail. flag Countries including the Netherlands, Austria, Finland, and Sweden recommend holding 70–100 euros per person or a week’s worth of essentials in small denominations for flexibility. flag The ECB calls cash a “spare tire” for the financial system, noting increased use during disruptions. flag Authorities also promote broader preparedness, advising at least 72 hours of food, water, and supplies, with updated plans in Sweden and Finland addressing war-related threats like power outages, communication breakdowns, and extreme weather. flag These steps reflect growing concerns over electronic warfare, sabotage, and infrastructure vulnerabilities across Europe.

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