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flag Over 2.6 million Afghans returned from Pakistan and Iran since January, worsening poverty and security risks amid shrinking aid.

flag Over 2.6 million Afghans have returned from Pakistan and Iran since January, straining resources in a country where nearly half the population lives in poverty. flag Many returnees, some having spent decades abroad, face severe shortages of jobs, housing, and basic services, increasing their vulnerability to recruitment by extremist groups like Islamic State Khorasan Province (IS-K). flag Despite the Taliban’s denial of terrorist presence, IS-K remains active in eastern, northern, and northeastern Afghanistan, conducting attacks in multiple countries and exploiting discontent among marginalized Afghans and disaffected Taliban members. flag Regional and European officials warn of growing security risks, citing foiled attacks linked to IS-K, while UN experts stress that sustained foreign aid is critical to prevent radicalization. flag However, declining humanitarian funding since early 2025 is hampering efforts to stabilize the situation.

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