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flag China is Southeast Asia’s top external influence, outpacing the U.S. in most countries due to economic ties, though U.S. influence remains strong in the Philippines and Singapore.

flag A 2025 Lowy Institute report ranks China as Southeast Asia’s most influential external partner, surpassing the U.S., based on economic ties, diplomacy, and regional engagement. flag China leads in six countries—Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam—driven by strong trade, investment, and infrastructure projects, while the U.S. ranks first in the Philippines and Singapore. flag China also leads in people flows and is the top export market, though it lags in defense ties and cultural influence. flag U.S. influence is seen as declining due to policies under the Trump administration, including tariffs and visa restrictions. flag Malaysia is the most influential regional nation, followed by Singapore and Indonesia. flag The findings reflect growing economic integration with China, even as countries balance relationships with major powers amid shifting geopolitical dynamics.

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