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flag Russian cyber groups Gamaredon and Turla collaborated in early 2025 to target Ukrainian defense entities, using shared tools to reactivate a backdoor.

flag ESET Research has found the first evidence of collaboration between Russian FSB-linked cyber groups Gamaredon and Turla, targeting high-profile Ukrainian entities. flag The groups worked together in early 2025, with Gamaredon deploying tools like PteroOdd and PteroPaste to restart Turla’s Kazuar backdoor on compromised machines. flag This coordination suggests a focus on high-value targets, particularly in Ukraine’s defense sector, amid intensified activity since the 2022 invasion. flag Both groups, active since at least 2004 and 2013, have long targeted government and diplomatic institutions across Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East.

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