Australia completes first ammonia vessel transfer, advancing zero-emission marine fuel prospects.

In 2021, Australia conducted its first ammonia transfer between vessels, marking progress in its use as a marine fuel. While ammonia could be a zero-emission option, significant challenges remain, including higher costs, safety concerns due to its toxicity, and a less efficient energy density compared to alternatives like LNG and biofuels. Despite these issues, ammonia-powered ships are expected to enter service by 2026, with projections indicating it could represent one-third of bunker fuel by 2050.