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flag The Catholic Church imposes schism and excommunication for disruptions in unity and spiritual communion.

flag Schism and excommunication are two severe penalties within the Catholic Church. flag Schism involves severing ties with the Church's social organization through acts such as dissent or disagreement, while excommunication is a formal penalty imposed on individuals who commit grave offenses, excluding them from participating in sacraments. flag Both actions disrupt unity and spiritual communion within the faith.

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